Electric signaling system.



H. W. .SOUDER.

ELEGTRIO SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED- JUNE 10,1901.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

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H. W. SOUDER. ELECTRIC} SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 10,1907.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

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H. W. SOUDER.

ELEGTRIG SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED UNE 10,1907.

91 5,237, Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

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H. W. SOUDER. ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 10,1907.

91 5,237. Patented ar. 16; 1909. 3' GSHEETB-SHEET 4.

H. W. SOUDER. ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED Juli 10,1907.I

91 5,237, Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

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H. W. SOUDER.

ELECTRIC SIGNALIIIG SYSTEM. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 10,1907.

' Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Ol iiiillil.

HOWELL W. SOUDER, OF TAMAQUA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TOELLEN ZEHNER BREED, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, AND ONE-FOURTH TO MARIE ZEHNERBRAD- SHAW, OF CONSHOHOOKEN, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING- SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 16, 1909.

Application filed June 10, 1907. Serial No. 378,048.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HOWELL XV. SoUnER, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Tamaqua, county of Schuylkill, State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectric Signaling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric signaling apparatus for railroads, andcomprises certain improvements on the system and apparatus shown anddescribed in my Patent No. 795,314, dated July 25, 1905.

The preferred form of apparatus embodying my invention is illustrated inthe accompanying siX sheets of drawings, in which:

Figures 11 a is a diagram of one block of an electric trolley road andthe circuits and connections employed in operating my apparatus. Fig. 2is a detail front elevation of the operating portion of the semaphore orshutter employed in the home signal. Fig. 3 is a detail view in crosssection showing the arrangement of magnets and armature therefor foroperating such semaphore or shutter. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the sameand other parts taken on a plane at right angles to that of Figs. 2 and3. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the slightly varied form of mechanismused in the semaphore or lantern constituting the distant signal, andFig. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the main circuit controllermechanism installed at each end of each block.

Throughout the drawings, like reference figures indicate like parts.

1 is the trolley wire, and 2, 2, are contact makers located in operativerelation to said trolley wire at each end of each block. 2 is the fingerplate of one of said contact makers first brought into contact with thetrolley wheel of a car going into the east end of the block and 2 is asimilar finger plate at the other end of the block.

2 is the finger plate first brought into contact with the trolley wheelof a car going out of the block at the east end, and 2 is a similarfinger plate for outgoing cars at the west end of the block.

3, 8 3 and 3 are connections from these finger plates to the maincircuit controllers.

4 4*, 4 and 4* are resistances included in such connections. In the sameway the other parts represented in Figs. 1-4 are nearly all givensimilar reference figures to those employed for the same or equivalentparts shown and described in my previous Patent No. 795,314, and I willtherefore proceed with the explanation of the operation of the modifiedsystem herein shown without further enumeration of these duplicate orequivalent parts.

A car entering the block from the east end coming west will have itstrolley wheel bridge the space between the main finger plate and theiinger plate 2 of the contact maker at that end of the block. This willsend a current from the trolley wire through the wire 3 and one of thecircuit controller binding posts 10 to the fuse block '7, and thence tothe direction switch lever 24 through which it passes across thenormally closed gap 22 to the switch contact 20, thence through theconnecting wire 25 to the switch contact 21 'lhe direction switch lever27 being in the position shown in Fig. 1 there is no flow of currenttherethrough, but the current continues on through the resistance l andback through the magnet 5 thence to the ground binding post 12 and downthrough the connection 13 to the trolley rail or other ground. Thisenergizes the magnet 5 and causes it to attract its armature 57 (seeFig. 6) with the result that the pawl lever 45 is swung up so that thepawl 51 engages the ratchet teeth 59 on the ratchet wheel and rotatesthe same one tooth. This partial rotation of the ratchet wheel and shaft60 of the east circuit controller produces two results.

it swings the pin 67 on the disk away from the end of the feed switchlever 82, pivoted at 84, and permits the outer end of said lever todrop, thereby bridging the gap 11. e and connecting the feed wire 15with the wire 9 which is on the under side'of the slab which forms thebase of the circuit controller. T his sends current through said wire 9across one or the other of the switch gaps 30 or 3i according to whichis closed and through one or the other of the branch signal circuitwires 8" or 8 and lamp 79 or 79 thence out on the main signal circuit 8extending the length of the block. At the other end of the block thecurrent from the signal circuit 8 after passing through the intermediatesignal lamp 79 located at any convenient point along the block, goes toone or the other of the lamps 7 9 79 in the home signal at the other endof the block and through one of the branch circuits 8 or 8 across one ofthe switch gaps 30 or 31' to the wire 9, across the switch gap la whichis normally closed and through the ground connection 149 to the trolleytrack. The same motion of the east circuit controller forces the roller81 on the end of the ground switch lever 83 pivoted at 85 out of thenotch 78 in the disk 65 and lifts the outer end of said switch lever sothat the switch gap 14 is left open and the ground connection of thesignal circuit at that end of the block is broken. The other operationperformed by this initial movement of the circuit controller is to causethe toe 86 on the outer end of pawl lever 45 to fall upon the directionswitch lever 27, tipping the same so as to bring it in contact with 21bridging the gap 25 and opening the gap 22*. As a result, when thetrolley wheel goes into con tact with the finger plate 2 current passesthrough the wire 3* fuse block 7 to the direction control switch 27,across to contact 21, through resistance 4 and magnet 5 to ground, asbefore, this retaining the circuit controller in the same position andnot destroying the circuits previously established.

When the car goes out of the black at the west end, it first makescontact with the finger plate 2 sends current through the wire 3 fuseblock 7, direction switch 29 across su itch gap 22 to contact 20*,thence along the u ire 23 across the base of the circuit controller tocontact 21?. The direction control s-w itch 28 being in the positionshown, the gap 25 is open and there is no division of the current, butit passes on through the resistance 4' back through the magnet 5 acrossthe circuit controller base by the wire 18 to the ground. binding post12 and out through the ground connection 13? This energizes the magnet 5which causes it to attract its armaturc corresponding to 57*, and swingthe pawl lever corresponding to 46 (see Fig. 6), but the pin 61 havingbeen thrust against the disabling finger 5] by the last previousoperation of the west circuit controller, the pawl 51 is held out ofengagement v; ith the ratchet v; heel 59 and the movement of the pavllever 46 has no effect upon the ratchet u heel or upon the west circuitcontroller except that the toe S6 is dropped upon the direction snitchlever 28 so as to force it down into contact with 21*, closing the gap25 and opening the gap 22. Consequently r; hen the trolley wheel goes onto finger plate 2 current will flow through the wire 3 to fuse 7 toswitch 28, to contact 21 and then through the resistance 4 and magnet 5to the ground, thus retaining the di rection control switch in thisposition until the trolley wheel leaves the contact maker.

The current does not all. pass through resist armature 57 and upon theupward swing of a the pawl lever 46, the pawl 51 will engage the ratchetwheel 59 and swing the same back into its orignial position. T hiscauses the pin 61 to strike the disabling finger 51 and throw the pawl51 out of engagement so that further vibration of the par-4i lever 46would have no effect upon the ratchet wheel. This movement also causesthe pin 67 to strike the end of the feed switch 82, breaking thefeed'connection previously established at 11 e and permits the end ofthe roller 81 on the ground switch lever 83 to rise into the notch 78,thus permitting the ground con nection switch to close the gap 14 andreestablish the ground connection for the signal circuit.

The before described operation is in accordance uith the principle ofoperation of my system as explained in my previous patentsin so far asthe signal circuit is normally grounded at each end of the block and cutoff from the feed connection, but upon the entry of a car into one endof the block, the ground connection at that end is broken and the feedconnection establisheddlthis sending current through the signal circuitto the ground at the other end of the block, while on the pass ing ofthe carout of the block at the other end, it breaks the feed connectionat the first end and re'e'stablishes the ground again.

The construction of the circuit controller and its operation have beensimplified in several respects, however, among which may be mentionedthe modification by which the resetting circuit 6 has a permanent groundconnection of unvarying resistance at each end of the block so that nomatter at which end of the block the said resetting circuit is connectedto the feed wire, the current passes through the circuit and to theground at each end of the block in practically equal quantities. Theconnection of this resetting circuit to the ground at the east end isthrough the resistance 4 and magnet 5 At the west end, the connection isthrough the resistance 4 and magnet 5 The magnets 5 and 5 are thereforeequally energized whether a car is leaving a block at one end or at theother end, and the armature of each magnet is attracted with equal forceand moves the pawl lever to which it is attached through the same arewith the same force. This causes positive;

equal and certain action of the direction control switches,- but it onlycauses action of one of the main circuit controllers because thedisabling finger of the other is in operation. That is to say, when ablock is empty the pin 61 is against finger 51 in both circuitcontrollers. If a car enters at the east end of the block, it by sodoing causes the pin 61 to leave the disabling finger 51 and permits thepawl 51 to drop into operative position in the east circuit controller.Consequently, when it goes out of the west end of the block and deliverscurrent to the resetting circuit at a point intermediate of the tworesetting devices, that current will pass through both resettingdevices, but the pin 61 in the west circuit controller being up againstthe disabling finger 51 the movement of the pawl 51 does not affect theratchet wheel 59, but the movement of the corresponding pawl in the eastcircuit controller does actuate its ratchet wheel 59 and rotates thesame back into zero position.

The signal devices employed in my present system diifer from the simpleincandescent lamps described in my previous patents. These devicesconsist of a home signal 100 which is in circuit with the feed andsignal connections and the distant signal 200 which is in circuit withthe ground connection of the signal circuit. These two signals arepreferably placed one over the other as shown in Figs. 11". Each signalconsists of a casing or lantern containing two incand'escent lamps andhaving an opening in the face of the casing. In the casing 100 is amagnet 1.01, supported on a frame 102, in which are journaled twoswinging shutters or semaphore blades 103, 103. Preferably theseshutters are formed of some translucent material such as a thin clothsupported on a frame 104, and painted or dyed red. These semaphoreplates or shutters are supported on shafts 105, 105, each of which hasclamped on it a crank arm 1.16 which carries a counterweight 106. Thereis also adjustably clamped to each shaft 105, an operating crank 107terminating in a friction roller 108. The magnet has an armature 109which is supported on a pivoted lever 111 journaled in a bearing at 112,and having a bifurcated projecting piece 110, the extremities of whichrest upon friction rollers 108. As shown, the magnet cores 114 passthrough openings 115 in the armature 109, and are tapered or otherwiseformed so as to serve as a stop limiting the upward motion of sucharmature, and also prevent transverse strains on the pole piecesotherwise tending to pull them out of alinement.

113, 113, represent binding posts to which the signal circuit wires areconnected.

The distant signal 200 is of similar construction except as shown inFig. 5, the

operating cranks 207 for the shutters project inwardly and are forceddown by a single armature projection 210. Also the counterweights 206 inthis lantern are adjusted at a shorter leverage than those 106 in thehome signal. The counterweights 106 are given leverage enough tooverbalance the shutters 103 and cause them to swing apart whenever theweight of the armature is lifted from the friction rollers 108. On theother hand, the counterweights 206 have not leverage enough tooverbalance the shutters, but just enough to swing them out in theposition shown in Fig. 5 when the downward pressure of the armatureprojection 210 is added to the pull of the counterweghts. By the abovedescribed arrange ment the same mechanism may be used either for thehome or distant signal, the counterweights 206 in the distant signalbeing adjusted near enough to the pivot of the semaphore to permit thesemaphore blade to slightly overbalance said counterweight, while in thehome signal the counterweight 106 is adjusted farther from the pivot soas to permit it to slightly overbalance the weight of the semaphore.

As shown in Figs. 11-, the magnet 101 of the home signal is in circuitwith the feed wire 15 or 16 at each end. of the block, and the lamps 7979", 7 9 and 7 9 are in circuit with the branches 8 8", 8 and S of thesignal circuit. The magnet 201 of the distant signal is in circuit withthe ground connection 1 1 or 14 and the two lamps 79 or 79 are connectedin series with one another and with this magnet. The operation of thisportion of the invention is then as follows: The alternating switchesdescribed in my previous patent No. 795,314 (not shown here) areoperated by the star wheel 44 (see Fig. 6) in the manner thereindescribed so as to alternately throw one or the other of the lamps inthe home signal at each end of the block into the signal circuit.Normally, both magnets 101 and 201 being dead, and their armaturesdropped, the shutters 103 of the home signal will be closed or moved infront of the lamps, as shown in Fig. 2, and the shutters 203 of thedistant signal will be held open or away from the front of the lamps, asshown in Fig. 3. When a car enters one end of the block and currentflows through the feed connection, as 15, if the car has entered theeast end of the block, the magnet 101 in the home signal at that end ofthe block will be energized, its armature will be lifted, theprojections 110 will be lifted from the shutter cranks, thecounterweights 106 will come into action and open the shutters 103,moving them away from before the lamps. The current flowing through thesig nal circuit and out through the ground connection 1 1 at the otherend of the block will light one of the lamps '79 or 79 but safety withthe lamps unlighted.

not energize the magnet in the west home signal. It will energize themagnet 201 in the distant signal at that end .of the block, and lift itsarmature, take the pressure of its armature extension 210 off theshutter operating cranks and permit the same to swing down in front .ofthe lamps 79. The result will be, as all the lamps referred to arelighted, that the red board will be lifted from the home signal at theend of the block entered by the car and dropped into view at the distantsignal at the other end of the block. If another car enters behind thefirst, the only change is to put out the lamp previously burning in thehome signal at that end of the block and light the other lamp in saidsignal, thus proving to the second motorman that the system is inoperation and that another car is ahead of him in the block. The methodof use of the signals is then as follows: A motorman approaching anempty block will find the home signal at danger and the distant signalat As his car passes the contact maker the red board will swing up fromthe home signal and one of the lamps therein light up, thus put-tingboth signals at safety, indicating that the block is free. The sameoperation drops the red board in the distant signal at the other end ofthe block and lights the lamp therein. Consequently, a motormanapproaching the block from that end will see both signals at danger, thered boards being displayed and the lamps lighted behind them, know thatthe .block is occupied by a car coming toward him, and stay on thesiding until the distant signal goes back to safety and the lamps go outin both lanterns, which will indicate that the last car has come out ofthe block. A second car following the first car will find both signalsat safety, but with a lamp lighted in the home signal, and on passingthe contact maker the motorman will see the lamps change in the homesignal and be thereby assured that the signal system is in normaloperation, but that there is a car ahead of him in the block so that hemust go through under control. These signals are equally effective byday or night, as the lamps showing through the translucent coloredmaterial of the shutter show the red color as clearly at night as duringthe day time.

All the lamps are provided with shunt resistances as shown in myprevious patent. Thus if a lamp burns out, the closed path around itpermits enough current to flow to keep the other lamps in series aglowand the semaphores in proper operation. By use of resistances,therefore, the operation of the semaphores is independent of the lampsand burned out lamps are easily located. The lower or distant semaphorehaving two lamps always in circuit, the semaphore is still lighted ifone lamp breaks down. The armat-ures, as 57 and 57 are provided withspring faces 58, 58, which serve to overcome any residual magnetismwhich sometimes tends to freeze the armatures to the mag.- net poles,after the circuits are broken, when the operating currents are heavy.

The advantages of my present invention comprise among other things thegreater simplicity and certainty of action of the circuit controllers,and the completeness of the information given by the combined semaphoreand lamp signals, as to the exact condition of the block.

It shouldbe understood that the circuit controllers are duplicates, theonly difference in their action being due to the fact that the wires 3and 3 leading to the west circuit controller are crossed, as shown inFig. 1, while those 5 and 3 leading to the east circuit controller arenot crossed (see Fig. 1

In Fig. 6 the pawl lever 45 is shown in its position of rest assumedwhen its magnet is not energized, while the pawl lever 46 is shownraised in the position it occupies when the magnet corresponding to itis energized.

It is understood of course that when a vcar enters the west end of theblock the operation of the west circuit controller is the same ,as thatdescribed with reference to the east circuit controller when a carenters at that end. The .direction switch 29 is forced down on contact21 to close gap 25 and open gap 22*. In the same way, when the car goesout at the east end of the block, direction switch 24 is forced down onto contact 21 to close gap 25 and open gap 22.

Having, therefore, described my invention, I claim:

1. In an electric block signal system for railroads, the combination ofa signal circuit extending the length of the block, a feed conductor, aconnection from the signal circuit to the feed conductor at each end ofthe block, a connection from the signal circuit to the ground at eachend of the block, circuit controlling devices for said connectionsadapted to be operated by a passing car, an electro-magnetic home signalincluded in each feed connection, and an electro-magnetic distant signalincluded in each ground connection, each of said signals comprising anelectric lamp, a movableshutter for the lamp, and an electro-magneticdevice for moving said shutter, the magnet of the home signal beingincluded in the feed connection and the lamp being included in thesignal circuit.

2. In an electric block signal system for railroads, the combination ofa signal circuit extending the length of the block, a feed con ductor, aconnection from the signal circuit to the feed conductor at each end ofthe block, a connection from the signal circuit to manent connection ofunvarying resistance,

the ground at each end of the block, circuit -controlling devices forsaid connections adapted to be operated by a passing car, anelectromagnetic home signal included in each feed connection, and anelectro-niag netic distant signal included in each ground connection,each of said signals comprising an electric lamp, a movable shutter forthe lamp, and an electromagnetic device for moving said shutter, themagnet of the home signal being arranged to move the shutter away fromthe lamp when energized, and the magnet of the distant signal beingarranged to move its shutter before the lamp when energized.

3. In an electric block signal system, the combination with a signalcircuit extending the length of the block, a feed and ground connectionat each end and a circuit con troller for alternately cutting in thefeed and cutting'out the ground, of a home signal included in each feedconnection normally at danger when the feed connection is cut out and atsafety when the feed connection is established, and a distant signal ineach ground connection normally at safety when no current is passingthrough the ground connection, but at danger when current is passingthrough said ground connection.

l. A signal lantern for electric railways comprising in combination acasing, an electric lamp in said casing, a pivoted shutter normallydropped before said lamp, an eleetro-magnet, an armature below themagnet normally resting on the shutter so as to swing it away frombefore the lamp, and an electric circuit including the magnet and lamp.

5. A signal lantern for electric railways comprising in combination, acasing, an electric lamp, :1- pivoted shutter mounted so as to swing infront of the lamp, a counterweight for the shutter normally tending toswing it away from before the lamp, an electro-niagnet, an armaturebelow the magnet and normallyresting on the shutter so as to overbalancethe counterweight and swing the shutter before the lamp, and an electrocircuit including the magnet and lamp.

6. The combination in. an electric block signal system for railways, ofa signal circuit extending along the block, a circuit controller at eachend of the block adapted to throw the signals into operation whenactuated in one direction, and to cut them out of operation whenactuated in the opposite direction, electro-magnetic apparatus in eachcircuit controller adapted to actuate the same in the last mentioneddirection, a resetting circuit extending along the block through theelectro-magnetic apparatus at each end and direct to ground through aperl l i i i l l l and means for supplying current to said circuitoperated by acar passing out of the block at either end. I I

7. The combination in an electric block signal system for railways, of asignal circuit extending along the block, a circuit controller, at eachend of the block adapted to throw the signals into operation whenactuated in one direction, and to cut them out of operation whenactuated in the opposite direction, electro-magnctic apparatus in eachcircuit controller adapted to actuate the same in the last mentioneddirection, a resetting circuit extending along the block through the elctro-magnetic a :)paratus at each end and direct to ground through apermanent connection of unvarying resistance, and means for supplyingcurrent to said circuit operated by a car passing out of the block ateither end, said means comprising a contact maker at each end of theblock adapted to be bridged into connection with the feed wire by apassing car and a branch connection from the resetting circuit at eachend of the block extending from a point in said circuit between the twoelectro-magnetic devices to the contact maker at that end of the block.

8. In a block signal system, the combination with a signal circuitextending along the block, a circuit controller at each end of the blockcomprising an electro-magnetic resetting device, a resetting circuitextending the length of the block, through. each resetting device and tothe ground through a permanent connection of unvarying resistance andmeans operated by a car leaving the block for delivering current to theresetting circuit at a point intermediate of the two resetting devices.

9. A circuit controller for electric signal systems which comprises incombination a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a pawl lever on which said pawl ispivoted, an armature carried by said pawl lever, an electro-magnet, anda projection on the ratchet wheel adapted to strike the pawl and push itout of engagement with the ratchet wheel when the latter reaches acertain position.

10. A circuit controller for electric signal systems which comprises incombination a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a pawl lever on which said pawl ispivoted, an armature carried by said pawl lever, an electro-magnet, anda projection on the ratchet wheel adapted to strike the pawl and push itout of engagement with the ratchet wheel when the latter reaches acertain position after being rotated into said osition by the previousreciprocation of t 1e )awl.

11. In an e ectric block signal system for railroads, the combination ofa signal circuit extending the length of the block, a feed conductor, aconnection from the signal circuit to the feed conductor at each end ofthe block, a connection from the signal circuit to the ground at eachend of the block, circuit controlling devices for said connectionsadapted to be operated by a passing car, an clectro-magnetic home signalincluded in each feed connection, and an electro-magnetic distant signalincluded in each ground connection, each of said signals comprising aswinging semaphore, a casing therefor, and an electro-magnet adapted toswing said semaphore into and out of said casing, the magnet of the homesignal being arranged to swing its semaphore into its casing whenenergized, and the magnet of the distant signal being arranged to swingthe semaphore out of its casing when energized.

12. In an electric block signal system for railroads, the combination ofa signal circuit extending the length of the block, a feed conductor, aconnection from the signal circuit to the feed conductor at each end ofthe block, a connection from the signal circuit to l the ground at eachend of the block, circuit controlling devices for said connectionsadapted to be operated by a passing car, and a signal at each end of theblock comprising an electric lamp included in the signal circuit, anelectromagnet included in the feed circuit, a semaphore, and mechanismby which said magnet when energized swings the semaphore.

13. A signal lantern for electric railways comprising in combination, acasing, an electric lamp, a pivoted shutter mounted so as to swing infront of the lamp, a counterweight for the shutter normally tending toswing it away from before the lamp, an electro-magnet, an armature belowthe magnet and normally resting on the shutter so as to overbalance thecounterweight and swing the shutter before the lamp, and an electriccircuit including the magnet lamp, said semaphore being located in frontof said lamp.

14. In an electric block signal system for railroads, the combination ofa signal circuit extending the length of the block, a feed conductor, aconnection from the signal circuit to the feed conductor at each end ofthe block, a connection from the signal circuit to the ground at eachend of the block, circuit controlling devices for said connectionsadapted to be operated by a passing car, and a signal at each end of theblock comprising an electric lamp included in the signal circuit, anelectro-magnet included in the feed circuits, a semaphore, and mechanismby which said magnet when energized swings the semaphore away frombefore the lamp 1 but when deenergized, ermits said seinephore to dropin front 0 the lamp.

15. In an electric signal the combination of a frame, a semaphorepivoted in said frame, an electro-magnet, an armature there for normallyresting on a projection from the semaphore, and a counterweight for thesemaphore adjustable toward and from the pivot thereof. 16. In a circuitcontroller for electric signaling systems, the combination of arevoluble disk and two pivoted switch levers arranged tangentially tosaid disk with their adjacent ends provided with projections eX- tendingtoward the center of said disk, said disk being provided with aprojecting pin which engages the projection of one switch lever, and acircumferential notch which simultaneously engages the projection on theother lever, together with means for revolving said disk, whereby themovement thereof frees both the pin' and the notch from engagement withtheir cooperating switch lever projections.

17. In a circuit controller for electric signaling systems, thecombination of a revoluble disk and two pivoted switch levers arrangedtangentially to said disk with their adjacent ends provided withprojections extending toward the center of said disk, said disk beingprovided with a projecting pin which engages the projection of oneswitch lever, and a circumferential notch which simultaneously engagesthe projection on the other lever, together with means for revolvingsaid disk, whereby the movement thereof frees both the pin and the notchfrom engagement with their cooperating switch lever projections, saidmeans comprising a ratchet wheel, a vibrating pawl for rotating said.ratchet .wheel in a direction to produce said disengagement and a secondvibrating pawl for rotating said ratchet wheel in a direction toreestablish engagement, the latter pawl being provided with. a disablingattachment thrown into operation by the mechanism when in position ofengagement with the switch levers.

18. In an electric signal system the combination of a lantern signal, asignal circuit,

and two electric lamps in said circuit located in the lantern, saidlamps being in series and each having a permanently closed highresistance shunt around it.

Signed at Tamaqua, Pa, this 4th day of December, 1908. t

HOWELL SOUDER. Witnesses JOHN H. BonNsoHmn, JOHN H. Ionrnn.

